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Turkiye will host top officials from Saudi Arabia and Pakistan in Istanbul today for the first ministerial meeting under their new regional defence grouping, formed under a pact that commits the three countries to mutual defence if any of them is attacked, Turkish foreign ministry sources said yesterday.The “Makkah Joint Defence Agreement”, signed on August 7, unites Nato’s second-largest army, Turkiye, with the Islamic world’s only nuclear-armed state, Pakistan, and the leading Gulf power, Saudi Arabia. It stipulates that an armed attack on any of the three would be treated as an attack on all, similar to Nato’s Article 5 collective defence clause.The pact emerged against the backdrop of the war between the United States and Iran and attacks in the region by Tehran-backed Houthi rebels, with the three Sunni Muslim US allies voicing shared concern over the conflict and Iranian missile fire on Gulf oil exporters.Today’s meeting will set up a “political and defence strategic committee” involving foreign and defence ministers and military chiefs from the three countries. It will be chaired by the Turkish foreign and defence ministers along with the chief of the general staff.Pakistan is sending Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar, the defence minister and the commander of the defence forces. Saudi Arabia will be represented by its foreign minister, defence minister and chief of the general staff, Turkish sources said.”International security issues will be on the agenda,” a Turkish foreign ministry source said, with talks expected to cover boosting defence capabilities, interoperability between the armed forces of the three countries, and deepening cooperation in the defence industry, including joint production and development.The three nations share concerns over the military stances of Israel and Iran as the United States struggles to contain regional upheaval that has triggered a global energy crisis. Six months into the US-Israel war against Iran, negotiations remain at an impasse, with President Donald Trump’s administration stepping up efforts to squeeze Iran financially through what it has billed an “economic D-Day”.Turkiye has said the pact is open to expansion — with Egypt seen as a potential candidate — and does not seek to replace existing alliances. — AFP/Reuters Source link
From a Roman temple to ancient olive presses, Lebanon keeps turning up archaeological treasures even as the latest Israel-Hezbollah war has caused excavations to grind to a halt at precious heritage sites in the country’s south.Important discoveries in recent years include the remains of columns and bases from a Roman temple in Maasser al-Shouf in the mountains southeast of Beirut, nestled next to a millennia-old cedar forest.”A whole system was built around this temple”, which dates to between the first century BCE and the second century CE, said Myriam Ziade, regional antiquities official with the culture ministry.She said the site was turned into a Crusader fortress between the 12th and 13th centuries.The local municipality reported finding huge stone blocks on the hill in 2017, and excavations began five years later with a team from an Italian university, with the dig revealing the ruins of the large temple, she told AFP.Archaeologists are to soon resume work at the site, located “on a network of roads leading from the Mediterranean coast to the Bekaa valley” in the country’s east, she said.The eastern city of Baalbek has one of Lebanon’s best-known landmarks: a stunningly well-preserved Roman temple complex set against the mountainous border with Syria.Lebanon is brimming with archaeological finds showcasing its rich history over thousands of years, from the Phoenician, Persian, Roman and Byzantine periods, the Crusades, and Arab and Islamic sultanates and empires.After Iran-backed Hezbollah drew Lebanon into the Middle East war in March, triggering heavy Israeli airstrikes and a ground invasion in the south, the United Nations cultural agency Unesco last month added several Lebanese sites to its World Heritage in Danger list.They include the southern coastal city of Tyre, home to a Roman triumphal arch and a second-century hippodrome.The list also includes five castles in south Lebanon’s Jabal Amel area, among them the Crusader-era Beaufort fortress, which Israeli forces captured in May.Sarkis Khoury, head of antiquities at Lebanon’s culture ministry, told AFP that the war had forced archaeologists to switch tack.We are “now focused on protecting endangered heritage in southern Lebanon and in the Bekaa, particularly in the Baalbek region”, he said.”Excavations in dangerous areas have come to a halt, and archaeological missions are going through a period of minimal activity throughout Lebanon, especially in the southern regions,” Khoury said.He said foreign archaeological teams had stopped going to Lebanon.Still, some work continues.In Batroun, a northern coastal city home to the ruins of a small Roman amphitheatre, an archaeologist was surrounded by tools and papers, documenting the latest finds as waves lapped rocks nearby.Samar Karam, in charge of archaeological sites in north Lebanon, said a Roman-era olive press was found on private property along with pottery weights and items for textile production.On another nearby property overlooking an ancient sea wall, excavations revealed two stone quarries “one Roman and the other Phoenician”, she said.The ruins of rooms from Phoenician, Persian and Roman periods have been uncovered, their pink or grey flooring helping to distinguish them.Archaeologists have found pieces of Greek pottery, as well as rooms and large jars for storing goods from the harbour, discoveries that Karam said showed the ancient city’s “lively commercial activity”.Tombs in the city date to a variety of historical periods, she added.In Beirut, whose history spans over 5,000 years, Laure Salloum oversees archaeological excavations in the chaotic modern city.She said current digs were “really construction projects” where workers had stumbled across historical treasures.A recent discovery uncovered the remains of a Roman-era olive press, while work was ongoing in central Beirut in search of “the remaining part” of a Roman hippodrome, Salloum said.The hippodrome was initially unearthed years ago when excavations began for a commercial and residential complex.Other accidental discoveries in the city have included a 2,000-year-old Roman bathhouse.Such finds often cause development plans to grind to a halt.”We’re constantly making new discoveries,” Khoury said. “Lebanon is at the crossroads of a region that has been full of crises for thousands of years.” Source link
Ollie Robinson led the way once more as England clinched a series win over Pakistan with a thumping 194-run win in the second Test at Lord’s on Sunday despite Saud Shakeel’s fine 97. Pakistan were dismissed for 194 on the fourth day, having been set an improbable victory target of 389, to give England an unbeatable 2-0 lead in a three-match series.This was England’s first multi-match Test series win since a 2-1 success in New Zealand more than a year ago. Player-of-the-match Robinson finished with overall figures of 8-35 in 26 overs, his 4-24 on Sunday following the seamer’s sensational 4-11 during Pakistan’s meagre first-innings 110. “It was about keeping the stumps in play and nibble it either way,” said Robinson during the presentation ceremony.For Joe Root, it was another dominant win at the start of his second spell as England’s permanent Test captain after Ben Stokes’s shock international retirement, with Sunday’s success following an innings and 103-run rout of Pakistan at the skipper’s Headingley home ground last week.”It feels good and the way we have done it as well has been pretty convincing,” said Root. “Then to have three guys (Jofra Archer, Josh Tongue, Gus Atkinson) who can bowl 90 mph (145 kmh) and Ollie Robinson looks horrendous (to face) in these conditions,” he added, with England looking to complete a whitewash in next month’s third Test at Edgbaston.Pakistan captain Babar Azam was clear where this match was won and lost. “In the batting, we weren’t up to the mark (in the first innings),” he said. “Saud Shakeel showed his class and dedication in the second innings.”Sussex captain Robinson produced a pair of double strikes on Sunday either side of Shan Masood and Shakeel checking England’s progress with a fourth-wicket partnership of 97. Robinson took two wickets in four balls to leave the tourists 7-2, before express quick Archer dismissed Azam.But from the dire position of 14-3 before lunch, Shakeel and fellow left-hander Masood kept England at bay. Robinson, however, eventually had Masood lbw for a gritty 26. And 111-4 became 115-5 when Mohammad Rizwan was lbw to Robinson carelessly slogging across the line.Shakeel, 78 not out at tea, went to 86 by hooking Tongue for six and, two balls later, another superb hook off another the fast bowler saw him into the 90s. Shakeel pulled the fifth ball of the over to go to 96 only for his 122-ball innings to end soon afterwards when, trying to reach three figures in style, he swung Tongue straight to Harry Brook at deep square leg.Abbas honoursPakistan were now effectively eight wickets down with Imam-ul-Haq still sidelined by the calf problem that meant the opener was unable to bat in Pakistan’s first innings. Tongue then cemented his reputation for polishing off the tail by bowling Khurram Shahzad before ending the match when he had Mohammad Ali caught in the slips by Brook.Pakistan had hoped Masood and Azan Awais would see off the new ball on a still seam-friendly pitch. Awais, however, was lbw to Robinson and, three balls later, Abdullah Shafique was bowled for a duck by a superb delivery from the paceman, which angled in and moved away late to hit off stump. Archer’s brutal bouncer then had Azam in a horrible flap, with the ball looping to Jordan Cox at second slip.Earlier, Mohammad Abbas finally achieved a coveted place on the Lord’s honours boards with a five-wicket haul as England were dismissed for 208. Abbas, 36, had come close before with a trio of four-wicket returns, including his 4-73 in England’s first-innings 290.But he went one better on Sunday with 5-57 after starting the day with three wickets in the innings. Dan Lawrence had added just four runs to his overnight 50 not out when he was bowled by Abbas before the veteran seamer had Robinson well caught by wicket-keeper Rizwan, standing up to the stumps.An elated Abbas was mobbed by his team-mates before kissing the turf in celebration. “For Mohammad Abbas to take five wickets as well is a great moment for him,” said Azam. BRIEF SCORES: England 290 (Smith 61, Cox 55, Abbas 4-73) and 208 (Lawrence 54, Abbas 5-57) beat Pakistan 110 (Awais 46, Robinson 4-11, Archer 3-26) and 194 for 9 (Shakeel 97, Robinson 4-24, Tongue 3-46, Archer 2-73) by 194 runs. Related Story Source link
