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A species of small fish has been observed by the thousands climbing a vertical waterfall 15 metres (50 feet) tall in the Democratic Republic of Congo in a behaviour that illustrates the surprising and ingenious ways animals can adapt to extreme environments.The researchers documented how this species of shellear fish, whose scientific name is Parakneria thysi, scales the Luvilombo Falls in the upper Congo Basin, a vast river system spanning Central Africa and home to the world’s second-largest rainforest. Researchers observed the fish ascending the vertical rock face during seasonal floods at the end of the rainy season, typically in April and May.While this species can reach about 9.8 centimetres (3.9 inches) long, the researchers observed only small to medium-sized individuals – about 3.7 to 4.8 cm (1.5 to 1.9 inches) long – journeying up the falls.Observations suggest a fish may take nearly 10 hours to complete the slow and demanding climb to the top, moving in short bursts and resting frequently. Larger individuals of the species appeared to be too heavy for their fins to support the climb. “This discovery highlights the importance of maintaining the continuity of watercourses, particularly in the context of the Congo Basin, where studies on fish behaviour are virtually nonexistent,” said Pacifique Kiwele, a researcher in ichthyology and a member of the scientific staff at the Université de Lubumbashi in the Democratic Republic of Congo who was the lead author of the study published in the journal Scientific Reports.”It prompts scientists to be even more vigilant in their observations, as anything is possible. Who would have believed it without being close enough to check, and document it with photographic and film material, that indeed some fish are able to climb waterfalls? It illustrates that there are wonders out there that surpass our imagination,” Kiwele said.Some other fish species are capable of scaling waterfalls through various means but the researchers said this species is the first one documented in Africa.The researchers recorded the behaviour of this shellear fish on four occasions in 2018 and 2020, observing them moving up the rock face through what is called the splash zone – areas kept wet by spray rather than direct water flow.So how do they do it? The fish cling to wet rock surfaces using their pectoral fins, supported by pelvic fins and aided by tiny hook-like projections known as unculi, which help them grip surfaces, the researchers said. Then they push themselves upward by wiggling their bodies from side to side.Scaled to human size, it would be comparable to a person climbing hundreds of metres (yards) vertically.The ascent is also risky. Some fish lose their grip when sudden jets of water hit them, knocking them off the rock face – particularly when they flip upside down to navigate overhanging sections.Given the volume of water at the base of the falls, fish that fall are most likely able to start climbing again. However, those landing directly onto rocks may not survive, the researchers said.So why do they do it? The researchers said the fish may climb upstream to find suitable living conditions and areas of the waterway with less competition and fewer predators.The researchers identified two major human threats to the species: illegal fishing using fine-mesh mosquito nets that can easily catch the fish, and water extraction for irrigation, which has in some years depleted the Luvilombo River.The discovery underscores how little is known about fish behaviour in the Congo Basin, the researchers said.”It is quite possible that other fish species living in rapid habitats … are capable of overcoming similar vertical obstacles,” Kiwele said, adding that researchers plan further fieldwork to confirm preliminary observations in another fish family. Source link
General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam To Lam takes his oath as Vietnam’s President during a National Assembly’s session in Hanoi Tuesday. (AFP) Vietnam Communist Party boss To Lam was elected president by the National Assembly Tuesday, capping his bid to centralise authority in a nation where senior cadres have traditionally governed collectively.In less than two years as party chief, the 68-year-old has swept aside rivals and transformed the country through an aggressive reform drive — literally redrawing the map as he combined provinces and slashed bureaucracy.Lam has set an ambitious target of 10% annual growth for the Southeast Asian manufacturing hub, and muscled the party behind his vision for development-oriented reform.After securing another term as the party’s general secretary in January, Lam has now taken over the number two position in Vietnamese politics — unifying leadership of the party and state as President Xi Jinping did in neighbouring China.The move has “effectively turned him into Vietnam’s ‘supreme leader'”, said Le Hong Hiep, senior fellow at the Vietnam Studies Programme at Singapore’s ISEAS — Yusof Ishak Institute.It has “transitioned the country’s leadership from a consensus-based collective model to a strongman leadership style”, he told AFP.Tran Thanh Man, chairman of the National Assembly, said 100% of deputies who were present approved the resolution electing Lam president for the 2026-2031 term.In a speech after being sworn in, Lam called his new dual role a “huge honour” and a “sacred and noble duty”.The parliament, which serves mainly to ratify party decisions, also elected Lam ally Le Minh Hung as prime minister Tuesday.Elevated to party chief after general secretary Nguyen Phu Trong’s death in 2024, Lam has shocked the country with the pace of his changes.He has eliminated whole layers of government, abolishing eight ministries or agencies and cutting nearly 150,000 jobs from the state payroll, while pushing massive infrastructure projects.Lam is now promoting a “new growth model” that speeds up decision-making and unleashes the private sector to achieve double-digit annual growth for the next five years.”The odds of his reform programme succeeding have increased because he has further scope to push it forward”, said former US ambassador to Vietnam Daniel Kritenbrink, reflecting on Lam’s “unprecedented power and influence”.Vietnam is both a repressive one-party state and a regional economic bright spot, where the Communist Party has sought to deliver rapid growth to bolster its legitimacy.The country of 100mn people proved surprisingly resilient in the face of 20% tariffs imposed by US leader Donald Trump last year, clocking eight % growth in 2025, among the fastest in Asia.But the balancing act between the US — its main export market — and its largest supplier China remains perilous, especially as the Trump administration seeks to prevent what it considers the illegal transshipment of Chinese goods via Vietnam.The conflict in the Middle East has also created headwinds. Fuel prices have surged since the first US and Israeli strikes on Iran in late February, and like many Southeast Asian countries Vietnam faces possible shortages.”There’s a risk this energy crisis could jeopardise their growth goals,” said Kritenbrink, adding he expects disruptions to continue for at least six months to a year even if the fighting stops.”As the crisis drags on, the implications become more severe,” he said.Lam referenced “numerous challenges” to “world order and international law” in a speech to the National Assembly on Monday.”The nation that proactively implements strategic reforms, promptly reforms its institutions, unleashes creativity, mobilises the resources of its entire population, and seizes new opportunities will rise and develop,” he said.Vietnam’s ruling party tolerates little dissent and regularly jails critics, more than 160 of whom are behind bars, according to Human Rights Watch.But unlike in present-day China or the Kim dynasty’s North Korea, political power in Vietnam had not previously been concentrated in one paramount leader.Lam is the first person to secure the top two jobs through the party’s normal leadership selection processes, rather than stepping in following the death of an officeholder. …
An aerial view of the site where three people were seriously injured and one is missing after falling about 40 metres from collapsed scaffolding at JFE…
The Moon is fully eclipsed by the Sun during the Artemis II crew’s flyby of the Moon Tuesday. Reuters The Artemis II astronauts snapped a stunning shot of Earthset – the moment when the Earth dips below the Moon’s horizon – on their long journey back home Tuesday after wrapping up a historic lunar flyby.The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Nasa) released the photo of Earth dropping below the rugged lunar edge in a deliberate nod to the iconic Earthrise image taken by an Apollo 8 astronaut in 1968. Nasa astronauts Victor Glover and Christina…
Taiwan's main opposition leader landed in China Tuesday for a rare visit aimed at building cross-strait ‘peace’, as the Taipei government warned Beijing would seek to stop US arms sales to the democratic island. Kuomintang (KMT) chairwoman Cheng Li-wun, who is the party's first leader to visit China in a decade, has insisted on meeting Chinese President Xi Jinping before she visits the US — Taiwan's main security backer. The KMT supports closer relations with China, which claims Taiwan is part of its territory and has threatened to use force to seize it. But Cheng, whose unexpected rise to the top of the KMT drew a congratulatory message from Xi in October, has been accused by critics, including inside the party, of being too pro-China. The KMT leader landed at a Shanghai airport Tuesday, where she was presented with a bouquet of flowers before being driven away in a convoy, live video from Taiwanese media showed. Cheng then travelled to the eastern city of Nanjing, where Chinese state broadcaster CCTV said she thanked Xi and China for the warm reception. She is expected to visit the memorial of Chinese revolutionary Sun Yat-sen in the city today. Cheng will be in China for six days, also visiting Beijing where she hopes to meet Xi. Cheng told journalists before her trip that Taiwan ‘must do everything in our power to prevent war from breaking out’. ‘To preserve peace is to preserve Taiwan,’ Cheng told a news conference at the KMT headquarters in Taipei. ‘Goodwill must be built up and mutual trust needs to be expanded, step by step, by both sides.’ Ahead of the visit, Taiwan's top China policy body warned Beijing would attempt to ‘cut off Taiwan's military purchases from the US and co-operation with other countries’, which the KMT dismissed. ‘This trip is entirely for cross-strait peace and stability, so it has nothing to do with arms procurement or other issues,’ Cheng said last week. Taiwanese lawmakers have been at loggerheads over the government's plan to spend NT$1.25tn ($39bn) on defence, which has been stalled for months in the opposition-controlled parliament. While KMT party members regularly fly to China for exchanges with officials, its last leader to visit was Hung Hsiu-chu in 2016. — US pressure — China severed high-level contact with Taiwan that year after Tsai Ing-wen of the Democratic Progressive Party won the presidency and rejected Beijing's claims to the island. Cross-strait relations have worsened since then, with China ramping up military pressure with near daily deployments of fighter jets and warships near Taiwan and regular large-scale military drills. Tsai's successor Lai Ching-te, who was elected in 2024 and whom Beijing brands a separatist, warned as Cheng arrived in Nanjing that China is the ‘biggest’ threat to Taiwan's democracy. Cheng's trip comes a month before US President Donald Trump is scheduled to visit Beijing for a summit with Xi. The US has been piling pressure on Taiwanese opposition lawmakers to back a proposal for defence purchases, including US weapons, to deter a potential Chinese attack. Cheng has railed against the government's proposal, insisting ‘Taiwan isn't an ATM’ and instead backed a KMT plan to allocate NT$380bn for US weapons with the option for more acquisitions. But she faces deepening divisions inside her party over how to counter China's military threats, with more moderate senior figures in the KMT pushing for a much higher budget. While the US has long been ambiguous about its willingness to defend Taiwan, Washington remains Taipei's biggest arms supplier, which angers Beijing. The US approved the sale of $11bn worth of arms to Taiwan in December. More deals are in the pipeline, but there have been doubts about whether they would proceed after Xi warned Trump against sending weapons to Taiwan. Cheng has insisted she supports Taiwan having a strong defence, but said the island does not have to choose between Beijing and Washington. Source link
Cambodian Pheap Rom poses for picture at a restaurant in Phnom Penh on March 30, 2026. A Cambodian refugee long-settled in the US, ex-convict Pheap Rom,…
Journalists film at a damaged area following strikes on Sharif University of Technology in Tehran, Tuesday. (AFP) Iran said Tuesday it was prepared for any eventuality, after US President Donald Trump warned “a whole civilisation will die” if the Islamic republic did not heed a looming deadline to open the Strait of Hormuz.Speaking in Budapest, Vice President JD Vance said the United States had tools “that we so far haven’t decided to use” against Iran, without explaining further. An Iranian resident looks out the window of…
Kuomintang (KMT) Chairperson Cheng Li-wun speaks to the media ahead of her trip to China, in Taipei, Taiwan. (Reuters/File Photo) Taiwan opposition leader Cheng Li-wun leaves today for China and a potential meeting with President Xi Jinping on what she says is a peace mission as Beijing makes a renewed push to convince Taiwanese to support “reunification”. Cheng, chairwoman of the Kuomintang (KMT), Taiwan’s largest opposition party, is travelling at a time of increased Chinese military pressure on Taiwan, which Beijing views as its own territory, and as the opposition-dominated parliament stalls a government plan for $40 bn in extra defence spending. The KMT and the ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) have released duelling social media messages ahead of the trip, using the imagery of war and peace. “Peace is the only foundation for prosperity, and the hope for Taiwan’s future,” the KMT said on Sunday, putting out a video featuring young people relaxing on the ground, in a pool and smiling while looking up at the stars. The DPP shot back in a Facebook post that the KMT was trying to “co-operate with the Chinese communists’ scheme to weaken Taiwan’s defence capabilities”, pointing to the delay in passing defence spending, plans the US government has backed. Cheng told foreign reporters last month that “peace cannot possibly be achieved through defence capabilities alone” and political efforts were equally indispensable. She is going to China a month before US President Donald Trump’s summit with Xi in Beijing. While the two sides could strike goodwill agreements in Beijing on trade in agriculture and aircraft parts, they are also expected to discuss areas of deep tension such as Taiwan, where little progress is expected. In a February call, Xi told Trump that the US “must carefully handle arms sales to Taiwan”. This is the first trip by a KMT leader to China in a decade, though China has yet to confirm whether Xi will definitely meet Cheng, who will be in Beijing from Thursday. Last week, Taiwan’s China-policy-making Mainland Affairs Council said Cheng should tell Beijing to stop its military threats and respect the Taiwanese people’s right to choose their own future. China refuses to speak to Taiwan President Lai Ching-te, saying he is a “separatist”. China has never renounced the use of force to bring Taiwan under its control, but says its preferred option is “peaceful reunification”. It has stepped up efforts in recent weeks to try and persuade Taiwanese of the benefits, including energy security, which Taiwanese officials have rejected. On Friday, the Eastern Theatre Command, which would lead any attack on Taiwan, published a cartoon picture of what “Taiwan province” would look like during the traditional Tomb Sweeping Festival, marked on Sunday, if it were united with China. People lay flowers at a “Monument for the complete reunification of the motherland”, in front of another sign showing the location — Taipei’s Machangding Memorial Park, where accused communist spy Wu Shi was executed by the KMT government in 1950. KMT forces fled to Taiwan in 1949 after losing a civil war with Mao Zedong’s communists. Opinion polls in Taiwan have repeatedly shown minimal support for accepting Beijing’s sovereignty under its “one country, two systems” model.Asked at the news conference with foreign reporters about her views on “reunification”, Cheng said the time was still far from ripe for such a discussion. “What we need to deal with now is how to create peaceful and stable cross-strait relations,” she said. Source link
US President Donald Trump said yesterday he would lay waste to every bridge and power plant in Iran if it fails to bend to his demands, as he touted the high-risk operation that rescued two downed airmen. Dismissing accusations that such a move would be a war crime, Trump told a White House press conference that “the entire country can be taken out in one night, and that night might be tomorrow night.” The president gave lengthy opening remarks on the recovery of two F-15 crew members recovered from behind enemy lines in Iran, which he compared to finding a “needle in a haystack.” But Trump also doubled down on his threats of destruction before his self-imposed deadline for Tehran’s leaders that is due to expire today at 8pm (0000 GMT Wednesday) Iran must make a deal that involves the “free traffic of oil” through the critical Strait of Hormuz or else there will be “complete demolition… and it’ll happen over a period of four hours,” he said. “Every bridge in Iran will be decimated by 12 o’clock tomorrow night, where every power plant in Iran will be out of business, burning, exploding and never to be used again.” Trump added that he was considering a plan to charge a toll for oil passing through the Strait — echoing Iranian threats to do the same to the waterway through which one fifth of global crude passes. The 79-year-old’s fresh warnings came just hours after he said during a White House Easter Egg roll that a proposal for a ceasefire with Iran was a “very significant step.” “It’s not good enough, but it’s a very significant step,” Trump told reporters, under the gaze of First Lady Melania Trump and a mascot dressed as a giant Easter bunny. Source link
S. Korea allows sailing through Red Sea as alternative route amidst Strait of Hormuz disruptions
South Korea has decided to allow crude oil tankers to sail via the Red Sea as an alternative route, amid disruptions to oil transport through the Strait of Hormuz caused by the ongoing conflict in West Asia.Korean Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy, Lim Jung-kwan, said on Monday that the ministry will support private-sector efforts to secure additional crude oil supplies by permitting tankers that meet certain requirements to transit the Red Sea, in cooperation with the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries.In turn, Korea’s Oceans Minister, Hwang Jung-woo, said the industry ministry has shared information on crude oil tankers with confirmed shipping contracts as of April 3, adding that his ministry has completed notifying relevant shipping companies of the approval to sail via the Red Sea route.The Red Sea route is considered a detour via the Saudi port of Yanbu, which receives crude oil from eastern oil fields through a 1,200-kilometer pipeline.Hwang noted that an average of 39 vessels per day are currently using the Bab Al-Mandab Strait to exit the Red Sea.South Korea had previously recommended against using the route on March 1, immediately after the outbreak of the conflict in West Asia, but has decided to allow navigation as the crisis is expected to be prolonged. Source link