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Although Mr. Andrews was able to meet freely with local human rights advocates and people displaced by Cambodia’s ongoing border conflict with Thailand, he said many are imprisoned for exercising their political rights, prisons remain overcrowded and…
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On Friday, Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan signed a trilateral collective-defence agreement that treats an armed attack against any one of the three states as an attack against all, establishing a new security framework spanning the Arabian Peninsula, South Asia and the eastern Mediterranean.The Makkah Joint Defence Agreement was signed by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. The agreement is intended to strengthen collective deterrence and expand defence co-operation across multiple military domains.The pact follows the Saudi-Pakistan Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement signed in 2025 and provides for closer co-operation in areas including military readiness, training, intelligence, logistics, counterterrorism and defence industry. Its language, however, does not specify an automatic military response or the force contributions that would be required in the event of an attack.Officials from the three countries have described the arrangement as defensive and said it is not directed against a particular state. They have also rejected suggestions that it is intended to form a sectarian bloc or trigger a regional arms race.The agreement brings together three militaries with markedly different strengths.Pakistan contributes the largest standing force in the grouping, with approximately 660,000 active personnel, more than 2,500 main battle tanks and more than 420 combat-capable aircraft, including JF-17, F-16 and J-10C fleets. Its navy operates a growing submarine force, assessed at about eight boats, while the country retains extensive experience in high-intensity operations and in training and advising Gulf armed forces.Pakistan is also the only nuclear-armed member of the arrangement. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute estimates that its nuclear stockpile remained at approximately 170 warheads as of January 2026, although Islamabad continues to develop delivery systems and fissile-material production capacity.Saudi Arabia provides the grouping’s principal financial and procurement base. Riyadh’s defence expenditure is estimated at about $88bn, while its armed forces include roughly 250,000–257,000 active personnel, a modernising armoured force and an air arm centred on the F-15 family.The kingdom also brings substantial strategic geography. Its territory covers approximately 2.15mn sq km and contains energy infrastructure of global importance, as well as the Islamic holy cities of Makkah and Madinah. Saudi financial resources could support joint procurement, industrial partnerships, basing infrastructure and sustainment programmes.Türkiye contributes the grouping’s largest indigenous defence-industrial ecosystem and its strongest naval capability. Its armed forces include approximately 355,000 active personnel, around 2,200–2,300 tanks, about 300 combat aircraft and 12–13 submarines, although figures vary according to whether reserve, paramilitary and legacy equipment are included.An established Nato member, Türkiye also offers experience in alliance-standard interoperability and expeditionary operations. Its defence sector produces unmanned aircraft, missiles, naval platforms and electronic-warfare systems, while programmes such as the KAAN fighter are intended to expand national design and production capacity.Aggregate scaleOn commonly used 2026 open-source estimates, the three states together field:About 1.27mn active military personnel.Approximately 5,800 main battle tanks.About 14,000 armoured fighting vehicles and other armoured platforms.Between 1,000 and 1,150 combat aircraft, within a total military-aircraft inventory of roughly 3,350.Approximately 20–21 submarines, all operated by Türkiye and Pakistan.A combined land area of about 3.7–3.8mn sq km.A nominal combined gross domestic product of roughly $3.5tn, based on 2026-style IMF estimates.(The figures should be treated as indicative rather than definitive. Open-source inventories differ over the status of stored, reserve and legacy equipment, while aircraft totals can change substantially depending on whether trainers and light-attack platforms are counted). The distribution of capability is uneven. Saudi Arabia dominates in defence spending and access to advanced foreign procurement; Pakistan provides manpower, operational depth and the grouping’s nuclear dimension; and Türkiye supplies much of the industrial and naval capacity. The three countries’ munitions stocks and wartime logistics remain undisclosed.The agreement’s immediate value is likely to lie less in the creation of a fully integrated military command than in deterrence signalling, industrial co-operation and the gradual development of interoperability.Joint exercises, common communications procedures, intelligence-sharing arrangements, shared logistics and co-production could improve the sustainability of operations over time. Saudi financing, Turkish manufacturing and Pakistani operational experience offer a potentially complementary basis for such projects.The practical limits are equally clear. The signatories operate across widely separated theatres and retain different defence relationships, command structures and procurement standards. Converting numerical strength into a credible collective response would require political agreement under pressure, pre-planned reinforcement routes, compatible command-and-control systems and assured access to ammunition and spare parts.The pact should therefore be regarded as a strategic framework rather than an established military alliance in the Nato model.Türkiye’s possible return to the F-35 programme remains unresolved following its acquisition of Russia’s S-400 air-defence system. Saudi Arabia has also shown longstanding interest in advanced Western combat aircraft, but there is no confirmed imminent F-35 delivery to either country. These issues underscore the extent to which the three states will continue to depend on separate procurement channels even as they seek closer defence co-operation.The Makkah agreement gives its members a broader platform for collective deterrence. Its long-term significance will depend on whether the political commitment announced in Makkah produces deployable capabilities, rather than remaining primarily a diplomatic and strategic signal. Related Story Source link
With just 100 days to go until the FIFA U-17 World Cup Qatar 2026, excitement is building for the prestigious youth tournament taking place in Qatar from 19 November to 13 December 2026. This year marks the second of five consecutive editions that Qatar will host annually through 2029, reaffirming its commitment to delivering world-class sporting events while strengthening the country’s long-term football legacy. Building on the success of the landmark 2025 tournament, which saw Qatar host the first-ever FIFA competition featuring 48 teams, this year’s edition will once again welcome 48 nations competing across 104 matches. Fans can look forward to up to eight matches per day during an action-packed group stage. The FIFA U-17 World Cup has long served as a launching pad for many of football’s biggest stars, most notably, Egyptian forward and FC Barcelona player Hamza Abdelkarim, who made his debut at the FIFA World Cup 2026 following a breakout performance at the FIFA U-17 World Cup Qatar 2025. The tournament will once again provide the world’s most promising young players with the opportunity to showcase their talent on football’s biggest stage. The FIFA U-17 World Cup Qatar 2026 will be held at the Aspire Zone Competition Complex, with the final taking place at the iconic Khalifa International Stadium, where Portugal lifted the trophy last year in front of a crowd of 38,901 spectators. With all matches being held in a centralised venue, fans will be treated to an exciting festival-like atmosphere under the theme of TMRW’s GOAT, celebrating young stars as well as exploring a number of cultural and entertainment activities taking place at the Fan Zone. This year’s tournament coincides with a significant milestone for Khalifa International Stadium, which celebrates the 50th anniversary of its inauguration in 1976. One of Qatar’s most iconic sporting venues, the stadium has previously hosted a number of major sporting events, including matches during the historic FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022.Tickets will be made available at www.roadtoqatar.qa at a later date. Source link
Residents receive aid from World Food Program (WFP) at Al-Omada neighborhood of Omdurman, the twin city of Khartoum…
This number includes women and children and comes after more than a decade of prolonged conflict between internationally…
The logo of Samsung Electronics is seen at the company’s store in Seoul, South Korea. Reuters Tens of thousands of Samsung Electronics workers said Wednesday they will strike in May over a wage dispute, raising concerns over chip production.The firm is one of two South Korean chipmakers, along with SK hynix, now crucial suppliers of advanced memory chips for booming AI infrastructure demand.The announcement is a blow to South Korea’s bid to join the United States and China as one of the world’s top three AI powers.Samsung announced last month that it had begun mass production of next-generation high-bandwidth memory chips, HBM4s, seen as a key component for scaling up the vast data centres driving the rise of artificial intelligence.More than 66,000 of nearly 90,000 unionised workers took part in a vote on whether to strike, the association of three unions said in a press release.”Of those who voted, 93.1 percent voted in favour,” it said.”This result makes clear that the vast majority of Samsung Electronics workers reject the company’s current proposal as failing to uphold the management principle of ‘People First’,” it said.The unions’ demands include a seven-percent wage hike, the removal of a cap on bonuses and a more transparent performance-based bonus system.The will of the workers was a “strong warning to the leadership”, it added.Samsung told AFP it remained “committed to reaching a smooth agreement” with the unions.Long staunchly anti-union, founder Lee Byung-chul once vowed never to allow unions “until I have dirt over my eyes”. He died in 1987.Samsung Electronics’ first labour union was formed in the late 2010s. Related…
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